Intratree Variability of Tensile Strength Parallel to Grain in Chinese Fir and 1-214 Poplar from Plantation

The variation of tensile strength parallel to grain in Chinese fir and 1-214 poplar wood from plantations was studied in this paper. Aaccording to the national standards The Testing Methods for Physical and Mechanical Properties of Wood （GB 1927 to 1943 -- 1991）, the small clear wood samples were cut and tested, which represent the south and north of trees with heights of 1.3, 3.3, 5.3 and 7.3 m. The results showed： the tensile strength parallel to grain of the north wood was higher than that of south wood. ANOVA shows that the tensile strength parallel to the grain with height is of significant difference （at 0.05 level）.     

Manufacture and mechanical properties of binderless boards from kenaf core

Binderless boards were prepared from finely ground powders of kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) core under varying manufacturing conditions. This research was designed to investigate their mechanical properties and evaluate the various manufacturing conditions: pressing temperature and time, pressing pressure, board density, board thickness, grain size of raw materials, and addition of furfural. The mechanical properties (i.e., modulus of rupture and elasticity, internal bonding strength) of boards increased with increasing board density and met the requirement for 15 type medium-density fiberboard (MDF) by JIS A 5905-1994. Thickness swelling and water absorption of boards exceeded the maximum permitted levels for 15 type MDF and S20 grade hardboard by JIS A 5905-1994, which indicates the low water-resistant property of binderless boards. In contrast to that in usual wood-based materials, internal bonding strength showed significant correlations with other board properties: modulus of rupture and elasticity, thickness swelling, and water absorption. We confirmed experimentally that the best manufacturing conditions proved to be as follows: pressing temperature 180°C, time 10min; pressing pressure 5.3MPa; board thickness 5mm; board density 1.0g/cm³; average grain size 53µm; and powder with no furfural content.Part of this paper was presented at the 52nd Annual Meeting of the Japan Wood Research Society, Gifu, April 2002     

面向安全服务重组多目标优化的粒子群遗传算法

遗传算法具有快速随机的全局搜索能力,但局部搜索能力差,易陷入早熟收敛,迭代效率低.粒子群算法采用速度——位置模型,可以较快收敛到指定精度.将粒子群算法与遗传算法融合,采用多目标遗传算法得出初步的优化结果,并将其作为粒子,利用粒子群算法强化局部搜索,加快收敛速度,仿真结果证明了该算法的优越性.在CSSM对底层安全服务的重组时利用粒子群和遗传算法的结合(GAPSO),能够提高效率.     

汽车多路传输系统数据的简化算法

介绍了一种应用于汽车多路传输系统中所有关联数据库数据的简化算法.同时对此算法进行了具体的性能分析.汽车多路传输系统允许汽车电子系统内各个智能模块共享信息,实现了信息在各个电子模块中进行实时交换,从而能提高各个智能模块之间的信息交换速度.     

Effects of polyline simplification of dynamic GPS data under forest canopy on area and perimeter estimations

The objectives of this study were to determine Global Positioning System (GPS) positional errors while moving under the forest canopy and to clarify the effects of polyline simplification on area and perimeter estimations. We used the Pathfinder Pro XR and GPSMAP 76S, which are categorized as “high-end mapping” and “general navigation” GPS receivers, respectively. The field tests were conducted in both natural and plantation forests. The results showed that the Pathfinder Pro XR, which has better multipath rejection technology, worked well, especially in the plantation forest under unfavorable conditions of higher stand density. We used analysis of variance to clarify the effects of the receiver type, positioning mode, stand type, and polyline simplification method on area and perimeter estimations. The receiver type and positioning mode were found to be significant factors that affected area estimation. The Pathfinder Pro XR estimated the area more accurately than the GPSMAP 76S, and differential GPS estimated the area more accurately than autonomous GPS. With respect to the perimeter, the receiver type, positioning mode, and polyline simplification method were found to be significant factors. The results showed that perimeter estimation was improved by using the velocity filter, and further improved by using the velocity filter and Douglas-Peucker algorithm, especially when the Pathfinder Pro XR was used. The GPSMAP 76S estimated the perimeter accurately without any filtering because its default speed filter worked well, even though the GPSMAP 76S is a general navigation GPS receiver.     

Chemical changes in steam-pressed kenaf core binderless particleboard

The effects of chemical changes in kenaf core binderless particleboards on the bonding performance and thickness swelling of boards were investigated by chemical and spectroscopic analyses. Mild steam-injection treatments (0.6–1.0MPa) caused significant degradation of hemicelluloses, lignin, and cellulose. Conventional hot pressing caused a lower degree of degradation of the chemical components. The hot-pressed kenaf core board without any binders showed poor bonding performance. Thus, it was found that partial degradation of the three major chemical components of the kenaf core by mild steam-injection treatment increased the bonding performance and dimensional stability of the binderless boards, and gave better quality binderless boards than those made by hot-pressing treatments.Part of this report was presented at the 4th International Wood Science Symposium, Serpong, Indonesia, September 2002; and at the 53rd Annual Meeting of The Japan Wood Research Society, Fukuoka, March 2003     

基于改进蚁群算法的3-PPR并联机构位置正解研究

针对3-PPR并联机构位置正解问题,运用螺旋理论计算其自由度,并分析其运动特性,同时通过解析法构建该并联机构的完整运动学逆解。将并联机构运动学正解问题的求解转化为对目标函数优化问题的求解,并基于此建立该并联机构正解的目标函数优化模型。通过对基本蚁群算法进行有效的改进,构建了可用于求解连续优化问题的改进蚁群算法。运用该算法求解3-PPR并联机构的运动学正解并进行Matlab仿真分析,对比传统数值方法和改进蚁群算法,证实该算法具有良好的全局寻优能力,并能避免初值和局部最优值对计算结果的影响,可有效应用于求解并联机构的位置正解问题。     

参数投影寻踪模型在农村公路交通发展综合评价的应用

农村公路建设是农业和农村经济赖以发展的重要基础设施．是推进社会主义新农村建设的重要内容。通过对各个省份农村公路建设的综合评价，可以找出各地区农村公路发展规模的差距，并指出优先发展的指标。以往的评价多采用模糊综合评判技术，不可避免地存在人为赋予权重的干扰，导致评价结果的出入。为此，采用新兴的降维技术一投影寻踪评价模型，通过改进遗传算法来优化投影寻踪模型多维参数．建立了4省农村公路交通发展的基于改进遗传算法的参数投影寻踪综合评价模型。有效地克服了主观赋予权重的干扰．取得了满意效果；同时，指出了各个省份发展农村公路建设优先考虑的指标顺序，为该方面研究提供了新的思路与研究方法。     

知识管理与企业核心竞争力的培育

本文阐述了知识管理和企业核心竞争力的内涵,论证了知识管理的重要性及知识管理能够创造企业的竞争优势,提高企业的核心竞争力。最后给出了知识管理所需要的条件,以作为企业进行知识管理调整和改革的参考。     

改进型遗传算法在农网无功优化中的应用

根据农村电网的特点,建立了综合考虑全年网损、电压质量和补偿设备投资的无功优化规划数学模型.应用自适应遗传算法改进了传统遗传算法的遗传算子和终止判据等,提出了一种配电网无功优化的改进型遗传算法,其收敛速度和求解精度均有提高.算法实例表明,改进遗传算法的优化效果优于传统遗传算法.